{"id":535,"date":"2021-12-20T17:47:05","date_gmt":"2021-12-20T17:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shariawiz.com\/halaqa\/?p=535"},"modified":"2025-11-20T22:01:13","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T22:01:13","slug":"about-islamic-wills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shariawiz.com\/halaqa\/2021\/12\/20\/about-islamic-wills\/","title":{"rendered":"What is an Islamic Will? | Islamic Estate Planning Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An Islamic will is a legal declaration that you, the testator, make. It tells the world who will get your assets and who will manage your estate and implement your wishes when you die. When you die without a Will\u2014called dying \u201cintestate\u201d\u2014the state decides who gets your assets with no regard to your wishes and the needs of your heirs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>An Islamic will covers everything that a secular will covers, including:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appointing an executor to distribute your estate and manage your affairs after death;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appointing a guardian to care for your children and manage their inheritance until adulthood;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leaving money and\/or property from your estate to other relatives or to charitable organizations; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Specifying any debts to be paid at your death.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>However, unlike a secular will, an Islamic will also includes Shar\u012b\u2018a-complaint solutions to managing your estate after death, including:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dividing your assets according to Shar\u012b\u2018a inheritance rules (see below for more information on the Islamic law of inheritance);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Telling the world that you have selected your burial rites according to Islam;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Outlining your autopsy wishes that are permissible under the Shar\u012b\u2018a;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Specifying moral and religious obligations to be paid at your death; and<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Providing permissible, recommended, and obligatory bequests up to one-third of the estate in aggregate<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Shar\u012b\u2018a Inheritance Rules<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Islamic law of inheritance is found in the Qur\u2019an and in the traditions of the Prophet (PBUH). The Prophet (PBUH) said that the law of inheritance is half of all knowledge.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Islamic law of inheritance is a mandatory intestacy inheritance system. That means the estate of a decedent is distributed according to a prescribed-share formula in the Qur\u2019an. As the Qur\u2019an states: \u201cThis is an apportionment from God.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In truth, God is All Knowing, All Wise\u201d (4:10).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Shar\u012b\u2018a divides the Islamic heirs or Islamic beneficiaries of your estate into three categories:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Qur\u2019anic heirs (<\/b><b><i>ahl al-fara\u2019id<\/i><\/b><b>).<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Qur\u2019anic heirs take a predetermined share\u2014either one-half, one-quarter, one-eighth, two-thirds, one-third, or one-sixth. They are:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Four males: Husband, maternal brother, father, and paternal grandfather<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nine females: Wife, daughter, son\u2019s daughter, mother, paternal grandmother, maternal grandmother, full sister, maternal sister, and paternal sister<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Residuary heirs (taking by <\/b><b><i>ta<\/i><\/b><b><i>\u02bf<\/i><\/b><b><i>s\u012bb<\/i><\/b><b>).<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If there is anything left in the estate after the Islamic heirs take their prescribed shares, the residuary heirs inherit the balance. They do not have a fixed share. The residuary heirs are ranked in order of priority. For example, a son and daughter take any balance remaining after the prescribed shares. If there are no children, then the siblings take the balance remaining, if there are no siblings, then the nephews take the balance remaining and so forth. Watch this video for more information about <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ta<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02bf<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s\u012bb<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b><i>Dhaw\u016b<\/i><\/b><b><i>\u02be<\/i><\/b><b><i>l l-ar\u1e25\u0101m.<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If no Qur\u2019anic or <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ta<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02bf<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s\u012bb<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> heirs survive (a rare occurrence), then the estate goes to <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dhaw\u016b<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l l-ar\u1e25\u0101m<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The most common translations are \u201cdistant kindred,\u201d \u201cuterine heirs,\u201d or \u201couter family.\u201d While spouses are Qur\u2019anic heirs, they are not eligible to receive any balance or residue left if the estate is not exhausted, so the remainder of the estate will pass to distant kindred if there are no other Qur\u2019anic heirs or residuary heirs. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dhaw\u016b<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l l-ar\u1e25\u0101m<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-specific relatives include:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Descendants from daughters<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grandparents\u2019 descendants through a female<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Descendants through parents<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Descendants through grandparents<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to these categories, there are specific inheritance rules, like blocking rules and reapportionment rules, that also come into play.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is the basic framework for the Islamic inheritance system. Check our other Frequently Asked Questions below for more information about specific Shar\u012b\u2018a inheritance rules and answers to numerous real-life Shar\u012b\u2018a inheritance questions. You can also use our proprietary Islamic Inheritance Calculator to check how your estate will be distributed to your heirs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What does the Quran say about Islamic Wills?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the Qu\u2019ran, Allah directed Muslims to make a will:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has been ordained upon you, when death is near one of you, leaving wealth behind, to make a will in favor of parents and close relatives, impartially. This is incumbent upon the pious.\u2014Qu\u2019ran 2:180<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After deducting any bequests you may bequeath, or any debts.\u2014Qur\u2019an 4:11<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When death draws near one of you and it is time to make a bequest.\u2014Qur\u2019an 5:106<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What does the Sunnah say about Islamic Wills?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Sunna has many traditions about wills. The collections of Hadith, including \u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 Muslim and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1e62a\u1e25\u012b\u1e25 al-Bukh\u0101ri<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, report that the Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) said: \u201cIt is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to will to stay for two nights without having his Last Will and Testament written and kept ready with him.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What does Islamic Law say about Islamic Wills in America?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s start with the Quran:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It has been ordained upon you, when death is near to one of you, leaving wealth behind, to make a will in favor of parents and close relatives, impartially. This is incumbent upon the pious .\u2014Qur\u2019an 2:180<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The other Quranic verse that mentions a bequest is:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those among you who die leaving wives behind are to leave a bequest to the their wives: maintenance for a year and no eviction. \u2014Qur\u2019an 2:240<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first verse is known as the \u201cbequest verse\u201d. The Arabic word \u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">al-wa<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u1e63<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">iyya\u201d<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in this verse has been translated to \u201cbequeath\u201d, \u201cmake a will\u201d, or \u201cmake a bequest\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surat <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">al-Nisa<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was revealed after the revelation of these bequest verses. For this reason, most Muslim scholars concluded that the new revelation of the inheritance rules contained in Surat <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">al-Nisa<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> qualified, and some said abrogated, the previously revealed bequest verses. Basically, Surat <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">al-Nisa<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> changed the discretionary inheritance system to a mandatory default Islamic Inheritance fixed share system.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For Muslim living in the United States, the default Islamic inheritance system is not the law of the land. For this reason, the Quranic verse directing Muslims to make an Islamic Will to relatives would be a requirement, if a Muslim American wishes the rules of inheritance in Surat <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">al-Nisa<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u02be<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to govern the distribution of his or her estate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Islamic Wills and Islamic Waqf (trusts) are estate-planning tools. A major difference between an Islamic will and an Islamic Waqf (trust) is the effective date. An Islamic will goes into effect only after you die. An Islamic Waqf (trust) goes into effect the moment you create it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another difference is when property is distributed to a person\u2019s beneficiaries. When a person dies the Islamic Will directs his or her legal representative to carry out his or her wishes of how to divide the estate. By contrast, an Islamic Waqf (trust) is used for the creator of the tryst to act as trustee to manage his or her assets during his or her life and to distribute the trust assets after death.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn what an Islamic Will is for Muslim Americans.  Islamic estate planning explained.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"banner_title":"What is an Islamic Will?","banner_subtitle":"Learn about Islamic estate planning","footnotes":""},"categories":[386,3],"tags":[14,414,9],"class_list":["post-535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-islamic-estate-planning","category-last-will-and-testament","tag-islamic","tag-what","tag-will"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>shariawiz - What is an Islamic Will? | Islamic Estate Planning Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Shariawiz Halaqa Blog will regularly publish posts debating, exploring, and explaining Islamic inheritance law topics.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/shariawiz.com\/halaqa\/2021\/12\/20\/about-islamic-wills\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"shariawiz - What is an Islamic Will? 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